Popular versus academic sources (what's the difference?) and the peer review process

Searching tips: Truncation and phrase searching

Find peer-reviewed journal articles

• Use the Indigenous Studies Quick Guide for a list of the top five (5) databases.

One of the recommended databases is the Bibliography of Native North Americans. This video introduces you to the database and shows you how to do a simple search.

Additional databases and digital collections for finding peer-reviewed journal articles and other materials

• The Cumulative Index and Nursing Allied Health and Scopus for health-related topics
• Early Canadiana Online. A digital library featuring works published from the time of the first European settlers to the 1920s.
• HuriSearch (human rights content)
• Nanisiniq Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit (IQ) Adventure. Learn from Inuit of Nunavut who have lived on and cared for our land for 1000s of years.
• Native-Land.ca (Mapping territories)
• The National Aboriginal Document Database (resources related to documenting land claims, or for studying independent statutes and acts as well as treaties and court decisions).
• Nunavut Social History (UBC). Use this index to identify sources and then access them through the Carleton University Library.
• Traditional Animal Foods of Indigenous Peoples of Northern North America  (McGill University)
• Urban Arboriginal Knowledge Network. The UAKN is a research network of urban Aboriginal communities, policy makers and academics, engaging in community driven research with the goal of contributing to a better quality of life for urban Aboriginal people. 
• Consult the Centre for the North for research publications.

Images

• Finding and using images: A Carleton University Library guide (including how to cite images in your projects and presentations)

Indigenous newspapers

Native newspapers currently received by Library and Archives Canada (e.g., Windspeaker).

Residential schools (Truth and Reconciliation Commission)

• National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation
• Truth and Reconciliation Commission

What Is Reconciliation from TRC - CVR on Vimeo.

Traditional knowledge

World Intellectual Property Organization: Protecting traditional knowledge

Voices, stories, histories, languages

• Elders' Voices (history and culture of Canada's Northwest Aboriginal peoples through the voices and stories of Aborginal elders).
• Inuit Nunangat Taimannganit. This storytelling project tells the story of Inuit Nunangat (the Inuit homeland in Canada) from time immemorial (taimannganit).
• Language geek: The Language geek website is dedicated to the promotion of indigenous languages, primarily those of North America, by providing the tools which speakers, educators, and learners can use to communicate online or in print.
• Native drums. One in a series of websites designed by Carleton researchers to explore First Nations' musical expressions.
• Native dance. One in a series of websies designed by Carleton researchers to explore First Nations' musical expressions.
• Our elders:  interviews with Saskatchewan elders
• Saskatchewan Indian Cultural Centre 
• Selected articles from Saskatchewan Indian Magazine.
• Unikkausivut: Sharing our stories (A collection of more than 60 films from the National Film Board of Canada represent all four Canadian Inuit regions (Nunatsiavut, Nunavik, Nunavut and Inuvialuit).

Open access

• Directory of Open Access Journals
• Open access at Carleton
  • Open access journals published at Carleton

Recommended peer-review journals in our library collection

• American Indian Culture and Research Journal
• American Indian Quarterly
• Canadian Journal of Native Education
• Canadian Journal of Native Studies
• Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society
• Ethnohistory
• Etudes Inuit. Inuit Studies
• First Peoples Child & Family Review
• Journal of Aboriginal Health
• Journal of American Indian Education
• Native South
• Native Studies Review
• Pimatisiwin: A journal of Aboriginal and Indigenous Community Health
• Studies in American Indian Literatures
• Wicazo Sa Review

Non peer-reviewed

• American Indian Art
• Cultural Survival Quarterly
• Windspeaker

Some publications are available either only in print or online. Others are available in both formats. Check UlrichsWeb for more information about individual journals.

Legal resources

Gladue reports
Library of Congress Indigenous Law Portal

Federal government information

• Find government information online at the library.
• Library and Archives Canada
  • Aboriginal Heritage (including residential school records and photographic collections).
  • Aboriginal Peoples: Guide to the Records of the Government of Canada (a guide to finding records)
• Departments
  • Canadian Human Rights Commission
  • First Nations, Inuit and Aboriginal Health (Health Canada)
  • Indigenous and Nothern Affairs Canada
    • First Nations Profiles (interactive map and search by First Nation name)
    • Government Program:  Minister's Media Room
    • Funding, financial information and reporting  (estimates and performance reports)
    • List of reserves
    • Acts, Agreements and Land Claims
  • ​Library of Parliament
    • Aboriginal Affairs (current publications)
    • Aboriginal Self-government
    • Protecting Traditional Knowledge
    • Settling Land Claims (a discussion paper)

Commissions

• Report of the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples
  • Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples database
• Specific Claims Tribunal Canada
• Truth and Reconciliation Commission
  • National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation (Archives)

Legislation 

Federal

• Justice Laws (consolidated statutes)
• The Indian Act (Department of Justice website)
  • The Indian Act.  A discussion paper prepared by Mary Hurley, Library of Parliament.
  • The Annotated Indian Act and Aboriginal constitutional provisions
• Consolidated native law statutes, regulations and treaties
• A Matter of Rights. Special Report of the Canadian Human Rights Commission on the Repeal of Section 67 of the Canadian Human Rights Act. October 2005

Other federal legislation

• Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
• Canadian Human Rights Act
• Criminal Code of Canada

Native Law Centre of Canada. The website includes a link to Canadian Native Law Cases from 1763 - 1978 complied and indexed by researchers at the Native Law Centre at the University of Saskatchewan.

Land claims and treaties

• Historical Indian Treaties (Natural Resources Canada)
• Canada Treaty Policy Directorate
• Canadian Encyclopedia (entry on land claims)
• Government of Saskatchewan (First Nations and Métis Relations) (Treaty Land Entitlement)
• Native American Treaties and Information (University of Colorado at Boulder)
• Treaties with Canada. Native
• Treaty 8 (Library and Archives Canada)

Provincial

• Ontario E-Laws
• Quebec Laws & Regulations
• Canadian Legal Information Institute (CANLII): for all provinces

International

• Aboriginal law and legislation (to 1999)
• Australian Legal Information Institute
• Legal Information Institute (American)
• World Legal Information Institute

Non-governmental organizations

• Indigenous Legilsation Databank
• Organization of American States (draft of the American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples)
• Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights: Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
• United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples  (read online at the International Work Group for Indigenous Peoples website)

Data and statistics

Community data

• First Nations Profiles (includes interactive map)

Federal

• ​Indian and Northern Affairs Canada – Basic Departmental Data (1995-2004)
• Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada – First Nations Profiles
• Community Well-Being Database
• Research and Statistics

Statistics Canada

• Aboriginal Peoples
• National Household Survey, Analytical Products 2011: Aboriginal Peoples
• 2006 Census - Aboriginal Peoples
• 2006 Census - Aboriginal Population Profile
• 2001 Census – Aboriginal Peoples of Canada
• 2001 Census – Analysis Series: Aboriginal Peoples of Canada: a Demographic Profile
• 2001 Census - Aboriginal Population Profiles

Census data from 1871 onwards and the National Household Survey, 2011 are available in <odesi>

Aboriginal Peoples' Surveys

• 2006 Aboriginal Peoples Survey and 2006 Aboriginal Children’s Survey
• 2006 Aboriginal Population Profile
• 2006 Aboriginal Population Profiles for Selected Cities and Communities (based on 2006 Census and 2006 Aboriginal Peoples Survey)

2001 Aboriginal Peoples Survey

• Initial Findings
• Initial Release: Supporting Tables
• Supporting Tables 2
• Provincial and Territorial Reports: Off Reserve Aboriginal Population
• Portrait of Aboriginal Children Living in Non-Reserve Areas
• Harvesting and Community Well-Being Among Inuit in the Canadian Arctic

1991 Aboriginal Peoples Survey

• 1-disability, 2-housing
• Language, Tradition, Health, Lifestyle and Social Issues
• Schooling, Work and Related Activities, Income, Expenses and Mobility

Data from the Aboriginal Peoples Survey, 1991, 2001 and 2006 are available in <odesi>

Provincial
Some provinces have highlighted their indigenous populations by drawing on the National Household Survey, 2011 and census data:

• Ontario (NHS 2011) and (2006 census)
• Alberta – Aboriginal Peoples
• British Columbia – Aboriginal Peoples of British Columbia
• Saskatchewan (NHS 2011)
• Yukon (Census 2001, Census 2006).

For more general statistics by province, consult our guide to Canadian government statistics.